Highlight: Here’s a GREAT website especially for those with wet AMD

Lin/Linda here: Every once in a while I find a website and/or Facebook page that stands out.  Here’s one of those.

The website and Facebook page are called The Science of AMD: Our vision is to save your vision.  It is presented by the Amgiogenesis Foundation. Their headquarters are in Cambridge, Massachusetts.


Click here to go to the website. From there, you can connect to Facebook, Twitter or YouTube using icons in the upper right corner.


What is angiogenesis? From the website: “Angiogenesis is the process used by the body to grow blood vessels. In healthy adults, normal angiogenesis occurs in healing wounds and reproduction, but in all other situations, it is abnormal.”

It’s what causes wet AMD: “Wet AMD is caused by abnormal angiogenesis, when new vessels grow under the macula, disrupting the central region of the retina. These new blood vessels bleed and leak fluid, causing the macula to bulge or lift up from its normally flat position, impairing central vision. If left untreated, scar tissue can form, and central vision is irreversibly lost.” 

What’s so special about the website?
  • From a design standpoint, you can change the size of the font and the color of the font & background, you can choose a version of the site in any of 7 languages as depicted by flags, it’s easy to navigate.
  • Format of content includes printed text, videos, audio, graphics, PDF files and more.
  • This is not just for the US, there are resources available for other countries as well.
What information can I find there?

There’s a menu with Learn, Treat, Resources, Connect, About, Donate.  I suggest you start at Learn!   The emphasis is on how angiogenesis causes wet AMD and what can be done to treat it.

OK, now go and explore! Let me know what you think!

Highlight: What is Myopic Macular Degeneration?

There are quite a few eye diseases that cause degeneration of the macula. The most common forms of macular degeneration are defined by age, at least in part:  1) Age-Related MD (AMD or ARMD) and 2) Juvenile MD (JMD) – several inherited and rare diseases that affect children and young adults including Stargardt’s Disease, Best Disease, and juvenile retinoschisis.

There is another form of macular degeneration called Myopic Macular Degeneration or Myopic Maculopathy.

What is myopia?

If you have trouble seeing things far away like road signs, your eye doctor may have said that means you are nearsighted because you can see things near better than far.   Some people call it being shortsighted.  The medical/optical term is myopia.

Top of diagram shows normal eye & vision. Below, myopic eye and vision.

Myopia occurs when the eyeball is too long relative to the focusing power of the cornea and lens of the eye (see diagram above). This causes light rays to focus at a point in front of the retina, rather than directly on its surface.   It can also be caused by the cornea and/or lens being too curved for the length of the eyeball. In some cases, myopia is due to a combination of these factors. Click here for more information.

There are different degrees of myopia: mild, moderate and high (also called pathological myopia).   The higher the degree, the higher chance of the degeneration of the macula.  Click here for some other risks for high myopia including retinal detachment, macular detachment, glaucoma and macular holes.

Myopic Macular Degeneration

People with high myopia/pathological myopia are at risk for damage to the macula from the stretching of it as the eyeball grows throughout life.  Here’s a good description of what happens: “As the eyeball grows and stretches, it may also cause an area of atrophy and/or cracks in the layers under the retina. These cracks can serve as conduits for abnormal blood vessels to grow under the retina. These vessels can hemorrhage and scar which is similar to what happens in wet macular degeneration. The onset of the nets of abnormal blood vessels, called Fuch’s spots, often occur in the 4th to 6th decades of life. Approximately 5% of pathological myopia patients develop Fuch’s spots, which lead to damage in the macular region of the eye and a subsequent loss of central vision.” From http://www.lowvision.org/Pathological%20Myopia.htm

Not all people who are myopic get Myopic Macular Degeneration.

Click here for an explanation of how the atrophy can occur as well as how the blood vessels grow into the macula.

The symptoms are similar to AMD & JMD as well.  Click here to learn more about them.  This article will take you to stories of people who have Myopic MD.

Click here for a first-hand account of the disease from a person with it.

Other links:

Myopic Macular Degeneration

American Academy of Ophthalmology Diagnosis and Treatment of CNV in Myopic Macular Degeneration

Degenerative Myopia

Treatment Patterns for Myopic Choroidal Neovascularization in the United States, article published July 2017 edition of AAO Journal (AAO is American Academy of Ophthalmologists).

 

 

Highlight: Does wet AMD start as dry?

There are differing opinions and interpretations of what those in the field of macular degeneration have learned.  The links below certainly don’t represent all views, of course, but are an example of some of what you will find.

The important point is that it is CRITICAL to get your eyes examined as recommended by your doctor and to monitor your vision between exams. Click here to find out how to do that.

From: http://www.webrn-maculardegeneration.com/macular-degeneration-stages.html

“Advanced AMD is either a break-down of light sensitive cells and supporting tissue in the central retinal area (advanced dry form), or the development of abnormal and fragile blood vessels under the retina (wet form).”

From: https://www.macular.org/dry-vs-wet-macular-degeneration

“About ten percent of all cases of Age-related Macular Degeneration become “Wet” AMD (typically a person has dry AMD first and progresses toward wet).”

From: https://nei.nih.gov/health/maculardegen/armd_facts

“There are three stages of AMD defined in part by the size and number of drusen under the retina. It is possible to have AMD in one eye only, or to have one eye with a later stage of AMD than the other.

Early AMD. Early AMD is diagnosed by the presence of medium-sized drusen, which are about the width of an average human hair. People with early AMD typically do not have vision loss.

Intermediate AMD. People with intermediate AMD typically have large drusen, pigment changes in the retina, or both. Again, these changes can only be detected during an eye exam. Intermediate AMD may cause some vision loss, but most people will not experience any symptoms.

Late AMD. In addition to drusen, people with late AMD have vision loss from damage to the macula. There are two types of late AMD:

In geographic atrophy (also called dry AMD), there is a gradual breakdown of the light-sensitive cells in the macula that convey visual information to the brain, and of the supporting tissue beneath the macula. These changes cause vision loss.

In neovascular AMD (also called wet AMD), abnormal blood vessels grow underneath the retina. (“Neovascular” literally means “new vessels.”) These vessels can leak fluid and blood, which may lead to swelling and damage of the macula. The damage may be rapid and severe, unlike the more gradual course of geographic atrophy. It is possible to have both geographic atrophy and neovascular AMD in the same eye, and either condition can appear first.”

From: http://www.avruc.com/macular-degeneration.php

“The macula is the central part of the retina and allows us to read fine print clearly and see colors vividly. It is this area of the retina that deteriorates in ARMD. There are 2 forms of ARMD. Everyone who has macular degeneration starts out with the dry type and 20% progress to the wet type over the course of a lifetime. “

From: http://www.youreyes.org/eyehealth/macular-degeneration

“Can the dry form turn into the wet form?
Yes. All people who had wet form AMD had the dry form first. 

The dry form can advance and cause vision loss without turning into the wet form. The dry form also can suddenly turn into the wet form, even during early stage AMD. There is no way to tell if or when the dry form will turn into the wet form.

Can advanced AMD be either the dry form or the wet form?
Yes. Both the wet form and the advanced dry form are considered advanced AMD. Vision loss occurs with either form. In most cases, only advanced AMD can cause vision loss. 

People who have advanced AMD in one eye are at especially high risk of developing advanced AMD in the other eye.”

Please see your doctor for regular exams and between exams, check your vision at home.

Highlight: When should I get my eyes checked?

Did you recently get a diagnosis of AMD?  Was it such a shock that you don’t remember much about what the doctor told you about when to get your eyes checked?  Or did you not discuss it at all? The latter situation is all too common.  Of course, a lot of that depends on the type of AMD (dry or wet) and the severity.  It is VERY IMPORTANT that you treat any vision loss as an emergency.  Call your eye doctor as soon as possible.

Here’s a great video showing how an eye doctor should examine your eyes and how he/she would be able to detect AMD.

In the video, the narrator states that everyone who is 60 and older should have a comprehensive dilated eye exam once a year. Of course, if you are having problems you should NOT wait a year, call for an appointment as soon as possible.  However, if you are at higher risk due to race, age or family history of AMD, that may mean you will see your eye doctor more often.

Between eye exams, you should be monitoring your own vision using an Amsler grid on paper or on a computer, tablet or smartphone.  Here is a great article explaining the importance of home monitoring and showing an Amsler grid, where to get one, and how to use it. It also describes the ForeseeHome Monitoring Device which is connected to the doctor’s office.  Click here for that article.

 

 

 

Highlight: What is Advanced Macular Degeneration?

About 10 years ago, my elderly father was diagnosed with dry AMD and then later we were told it was ‘advanced’ and that he had ‘geographic atrophy’.  At the time, I didn’t understand what that was.

Here’s an excellent article about what those terms really mean.  It’s on the great website WebRN: Macular Degeneration.  If you haven’t looked at it, I recommend that you do after you read this article.

Advanced AMD & Geographic Atrophy

Highlight: What do I do if I get a diagnosis of AMD?

Getting a diagnosis of AMD can be a shock.  We’ve found that many eye professionals don’t really do a good job of answering a patient’s questions. Also, you may not be able to ask questions right away.  Many people in this situation turn to the Internet to do their own research like we did.

The Prevent Blindness organization has a system where you get a customized guide with resources, tips and steps that you can take to you be proactive about protecting your vision.  All you have to do is to answer questions that you are given.  You can print the guide and you can view it on a computer, table, smartphone.  You can also go back and update your answers to get an updated guide.

Click here to go to Guide Me.

Highlight: Consistent checkups are important to eye health

March 25, 2016

This is a great article that points out that it is important to have your eyes checked regularly and that the timing depends on what’s going on with your eyes.  The article makes 2 especially important points about a diagnosis of AMD:

  •  Even though there is no cure yet for AMD,  it’s important to catch it early since there are some ways to slow down the disease.
  • If a person is diagnosed with AMD, it’s a good idea for them to alert their children about it since there is a hereditary component to it.

Click here to read the rest of the article