macular degeneration, macular, diagnosis GA – My Macular Degeneration Journey/Journal

Tag: GA

Sue’s Syfovre Research Update, May 2024.

Hey there! Lin asked me to update you on what is happening with my vision and my involvement in clinical research. There was an ARVO (Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology- good people!) article about “my” research she wanted me to read and comment upon; ARVO 2024: 36-month data from the GALE study of pegcetacoplan.

To answer your unspoken question first: No, I have not seen any positive difference in my central vision since being in the studies. The basic reason for that is simple. OK, maybe not so simple, but it goes like this: Syfovre is not supposed to improve my central vision. I have a lot of dead cells in there and Syfovre is not supposed to replace them. What it is supposed to do is slow down the speed at which I am losing my central vision. In other words, I was “supposed” to be losing central vision at 100 miles an hour and now, based on the research findings, I am losing vision at about 60 mph. Do I know what 100 mph central vision loss looks like? Nope. Ergo, I do not know what 60 mph central vision loss looks like and I am not able to perceive any differences.

Another thing you probably are not going to like is this: I do not get personal progress reports. I have no idea if I am responding well to the drug or even if I am responding at all. My data just gets lumped in with the data of hundreds of others who are in the trials. This is research. Research is a different animal.

That said, the research does look promising. I was in Derby (one of the 2 phase 3 clinical trials) for a few years. It was while in Derby that I did my teeny-weeny little bit to help bring Syfovre to market as the first, FDA-approved treatment for dry age-related macular degeneration.

After Derby, I was enrolled in Gale. As I said in another forum, I saw my role in Gale as side-effect hunting. We went three years getting shots in our study eyes and waiting for something untoward to happen. At least in me – and the great majority of my compatriots – nothing nasty happened. The article suggested there were no increases in side-effects when the medication was used over time.

Not having to deal with side-effects was great. And the ARVO report had even better information to share. The researchers found Syfovre appeared to have a cumulative effect the longer you use it. After three years, the reduction of lesion growth was at 35% in those who were being treated monthly – that was me! After another year, the drug efficiency went up to 42% reduction of lesion growth in those who had monthly treatments. Cool.

I have never hidden the fact I want to stay with the research team I have as long as possible so that I remain on the cutting edge of the research. I intend to see well again…even if I am 102 when that happens. I have this diabolical plan that depends on Apellis deciding they want to use me to see how well stem cells “take” in an eye that has been treated for years with Syfovre. (Anyone at Apellis listening? Put me in, coach!) [Lin/Linda here: you should read about her diabolical plan, just click on those words in one of the previous sentences.]

I got finished with Gale last month ,April, 2024, and was offered a spot in Garland. (Is there a logic to these names? If there is, I have not discerned it yet.) According to Charles Wykoff writing for Modern Retina, Garland is a phase 4 study. Phase 4 is a study in which the treatment is administered by non-researchers, professionals in the community. It is to see what happens with safety and efficacy of the drug in the “real world”. To this end I have re-connected with my local retina specialist. They will give me my shots and I will check in with research every six months.

Got to make sure they remember me; ya’ know. Not only because I want to be there when bigger and better things happen but also because I really LIKE those folks!

Anyway, that is where I am now. Planning on spending the next three years going for shots in both eyes locally and checking in every six months with the research team. Hopefully, the efficacy of Syfovre will continue to increase and buy me more time with my vision. Time will tell.

Added May 14th, 2024.

Other Pages

Who is Sue & Why Should You Get to Know Her

How Does Sue Do What She Does? Her Toolbox 2023 Version

Sue’s Series on Syfovre

Lin/Linda: Her first aspiration to be a ‘super lab rat’ was not long after she considers the start of her status as legally blind: February 2016. You can read about that here: In the Beginning.

It was June 2019 she was Finally a Lab Rat. In July of that year, she wrote about her first injection: The Beginning of My Clinical Trial.

In August 2022, before the FDA approved Syfovre and after she was accepted into the long-term follow-up study, she wrote about her ‘Diabolical Plan’ to be accepted into a stem cell clinical trial while she’s still alive: My Diabolical Plan: Stem Cell Transplant for Dry AMD.

She also wrote about the discussions of the studies: Pegcetacoplan Study Cliffhanger.

After the drug was approved, she revised her article from her perspective of being halfway through the 3-year follow-up study:  My Diabolical Plan Revisited March 2023.

She’s also written What Does Syfovre Mean for You?

 

Questions and Answers – FDA Approved Treatment for Advanced Dry AMD/Geographic Atrophy/GA

Questions and Answers – FDA Approved Treatment for Advanced Dry AMD/Geographic Atrophy/GA

You may find a lot of the answers to your questions in this article ‘SYFOVRE for geographic atrophy in macular degeneration’ https://clearsightcorner.com/articles/syfovre-first-treatment-approved-geographic-atrophy-amd

Many of your questions will have to be answered by your eye specialist. A retinal specialist, a specially trained ophthalmologist, will administer the treatments.

Syfovre is pronounced “si-FOV-ree.” Where DO they get these names?

Patient Brochure

This is the patient brochure with some of the answers to your questions. https://syfovre.com/wordpress/wp-content/themes/apellis/pdf/SYFOVRE-Patient-Brochure.pdf

What is ‘geographic atrophy’ that I’m hearing so much about now?

A recent CBS News article and interview has been widely shared alerting many to this new treatment (approved on Feb. 17) so we’re getting a lot of questions. Here is the article and video. You may have heard me talk about my friend Sue who just happens to be the person interviewed in this because she’s been in the phase 3 clinical trial and is currently in the long-term follow-up study.  https://www.cbsnews.com/philadelphia/news/first-and-only-fda-approved-drug-to-treat-advanced-macular-degeneration/

AMD has 3 basic stages: early dry, intermediate dry, and advanced or late AMD. There are 2 types of advanced AMD: wet AMD and geographic atrophy which is the advanced stage of the dry form. There are 2 basic types of GA: outside the fovea (the center of the macula) and inside the fovea. For more information, here’s a good site. https://eyesonga.com/what-is-ga

How do I know if I have it?

It can only be diagnosed by testing done by an eye professional. Ask your eye specialist to tell you whether it is inside or outside of the fovea. In the early stages of GA, you might not be able to see any changes especially if it is outside the fovea.

Who is it NOT for?

It’s not for those with dry AMD at the early or intermediate stages. It’s not for those with other forms of macular degeneration such as Stargardt’s Disease or Myopic Macular Degeneration.

What if I have wet and GA?

In the clinical trials, they did not use the treatment for anyone with both GA and wet AMD in the eye they treated. For that reason, retinal specialists are discussing its use in this case and will make decisions for each individual.

What if I have GA and glaucoma?

If you have glaucoma and are considering Syfovre eye injections, it’s important to let your retinal specialist know about your condition. While it’s possible for people with glaucoma to receive these injections, they need to be monitored closely or have pre-treatment eye drops before their injections.

Eye injections can sometimes cause a temporary increase in eye pressure, which can be harmful to people with advanced glaucoma. This is why it’s important to take steps to prevent any increases in eye pressure before giving the injections. Your doctor may use anti-glaucoma eye drops to lower the pressure in your eyes before giving you the injection to help minimize any risk. Your condition will also be monitored more closely.

Is it only available in the US?

As of February 17, 2023, Syfovre received approval in the United States, according to the company’s press release. The European Medicines Agency is currently reviewing a marketing authorization application for Syfovre, with a decision expected in early 2024. Additionally, a marketing application for Syfovre has been submitted to Health Canada. If you live outside of the United States, Europe, or Canada, please check with your doctor to find out if Syfovre is available in your local market.https://investors.apellis.com/news-releases/news-release-details/fda-approves-syfovretm-pegcetacoplan-injection-first-and-only

What does it do? What does it not do?

It slows the progression of the disease which is measured by the size and rate of growth of what’s called a lesion which is an area of damage of the retina. The word ‘geographic’ comes from how the macula appears when an eye doctor looks at it: it’s like looking at a map where there are islands of damaged retinal cells – the lesion – in a sea of healthy ones.

The lesion starts outside the fovea – the center of the macula. The lesion causes you to have blind or blurry spots outside the very center of your vision. The lesions can progress to inside the fovea where you you will have one or more blind or blurry spots sometimes called scotomas.

It does not improve vision or restore any lost vision.

How well does it work?

Syfovre has been shown in studies to reduce the growth of geographic atrophy lesions more effectively than a sham injection. The treatment’s effects also increased over time.

A sham injection is a procedure used in clinical trials where everyone receives an injection, but some do not receive the drug being tested. The growth rate of the lesion in the treatment group is then compared to that in the sham group to evaluate the effectiveness of the drug.

For the actual results in numbers, you can find them here. You can ask your retinal specialist to help you understand them. https://syfovre.com/about-syfovre/what-is-syfovre/ and https://syfovreecp.com/oaks-and-derby-efficacy

How is it administered?

It is injected into the eye much like the treatments for wet AMD. The eye is disinfected, then a numbing agent is administered, then the injection is given with a very small needle. The eye is rinsed out, and you’d be given instructions about taking care of the eye at home.

It can be given every 25 to 60 days depending on the advice of your retinal specialist. The research showed that monthly treatments worked better than every two months. Also, the longer the treatment, the better the results.

To get the best results, you have to keep getting the treatments as your retinal specialist advises.

What are the possible side effects or risks?

You can find them all at https://syfovre.com/faqs/ and the patient brochure https://syfovre.com/wordpress/wp-content/themes/apellis/pdf/SYFOVRE-Patient-Brochure.pdf

Most common: floaters, eye discomfort, infection (can be treated), blood in the white of the eye (resolves over a period of time), wet AMD (can be treated)

Other possible side effects: eye infection, retinal detachment, temporary increased eye pressure after the injection

I keep hearing that it may cause my GA to become wet AMD. What’s the chance of that and what would happen if it did convert to wet AMD?

First, it’s your retinal specialist who can tell you more about the chance of this for you. Everyone is different so everyone’s risk of this will be different. For example, if you have wet in one eye but not the other, that non-wet eye has a higher risk of becoming wet than if you didn’t have wet AMD at all – even if you don’t have this treatment. In that case, your retinal specialist may not want to treat an eye with GA if you have wet in the other one. Everyone will be monitored closely for signs of this change and treatment for wet AMD will be started.

For the actual numbers, my friend Sue who was in the phase 3 clinical trial, is in the long-term follow-up study, and who was in the CBS News piece, wrote about that in this article ‘Pegcetacoplan Side Effect Hunting.’ https://maculardegeneration.net/living/pegcetacoplan-study and https://syfovreecp.com/safety/

She talks about the risk for those who have a higher risk of developing wet to begin with (above) vs those who do not. Remember, it’s your retinal specialist who is the only one who can evaluate YOUR risk. She talks about how she made her decision to get the treatment by evaluating the risks vs the benefits to her.

How do I decide if it’s worth it for me?

There are risks with anything. It comes down to evaluating the benefits vs the risks for you. It’s your retinal specialist who can best help you with this. Sue wrote ‘What Does Syfovre Mean For You?’ https://maculardegeneration.net/living/thoughts-on-syfovre

What will it cost? Will my insurance pay for it?

Please don’t freak out if you see the ‘cost’ of Syfovre as over $2000. That is the cash price and we don’t think anyone is going to pay that! But for some people, getting the cost covered or getting financial help will take time. This is how the process goes with all new drugs such as the newest treatment for wet AMD Vabysmo. All the cash prices for the wet AMD treatments are about this, except Avastin, but no one that we know of pays it because of insurance and financial programs.

Medicare has been the first insurance to pay with Medicare Advantage plans requiring pre-approval. Commercial insurances are working on it, but it takes time, just as it did with the new treatments for wet AMD. You can appeal to your insurance company which might speed things up.

What if my insurance does NOT pay for it, or I don’t have insurance?

There are several sources of financial help. Your retinal specialist should have someone to help you navigate this.

Apellis Pharmaceuticals, the company who makes it, has a program called Apellis Assist. They’ll help you work with your insurance company if necessary and if eligible, provide financial assistance. This might be the best first source.  https://syfovre.com/resources-for-you/apellisassist/

There’s another program called Good Days which has helped with costs for wet AMD treatments and is expected to help with this. You can check it our here. https://www.mygooddays.org

So this is the only treatment for geographic atrophy – my only option?

It is currently, but there’s a second treatment that completed the 3 phases of clinical trials and is waiting for FDA approval from Iveric Bio called Zimura. Approval is expected in August 2023. You can find out more about that here. https://investors.ivericbio.com/news-releases/news-release-details/iveric-bio-announces-fda-accepts-new-drug-application-and-grants

How do these 2 treatments (Syfovre and Zimura) compare? Should I wait?

You can find that here. You and  your retinal specialist can discuss whether it might be best for you to wait for this treatment.  https://clearsightcorner.com/articles/syfovre-first-treatment-approved-geographic-atrophy-amd

There are MORE treatments at various stages in the pipeline. This recent article (Feb 14 2023) is titled ‘2023: The year of geographic atrophy: A comprehensive look at 87 clinical programs for investigative treatments in retina.’ https://www.retina-specialist.com/article/2023-the-year-of-geographic-atrophy

Why is my retinal specialist not using it?

Some retinal specialists are conservative and are waiting for more information from the long-term study going on and the ‘real world’ data which means how well is working now with patients that it’s been approved.  Sometimes treatments go through clinical trials and are approved, but when they used with a winder population, problems can arise.

That’s a great question to ask your retinal specialist. You might find this article written by an authority in the field interesting as Charles Wykoff, MD, PhD, Director of Clinical Research, Retina Consultants of Texas, talks about how he is approaching it with his patients. https://www.hcplive.com/view/charles-wykoff-md-significance-pegcetacoplan-approval-geographic-atrophy?

Why aren’t researchers trying to stop the disease before it gets to an advanced stage?

That’s a great question especially since -85-90% of those with AMD have early or intermediate AMD. AMD is a complicated disease with many factors and no one cause. Therefore, researchers are working in many areas including the prevention of it and stopping or slowing it at the early and intermediate stages. In many complicated diseases, we see research in the advanced stages because that’s where there can be the most damage. That’s why we have had so many treatments for wet AMD for 20 years: most of the damage to central vision is from untreated wet AMD. It’s the same with advanced dry AMD: the disease process needs to be slowed to prevent central vision loss.

Here’s an article with 87 research studies for various stages and types of retinal disease. https://www.retina-specialist.com/article/2023-the-year-of-geographic-atrophy

Many of your questions will have to be answered by your eye specialist. It is a retinal specialist, a specially trained ophthalmologist, who would be giving the treatments.

This is the patient brochure with some of the answers to your questions. https://syfovre.com/wordpress/wp-content/themes/apellis/pdf/SYFOVRE-Patient-Brochure.pdf

Created April 20th, 2023 Linda Chernek Moore, light2sight5153@gmail.com

 

 

Sue on Assignment: AREDS2 Study & Geographic Atrophy – Page 2

Hi! Back with trying to understand the last, three pages of the article “Progression In Geographic Atrophy in Age-related Macular Degeneration”.

It would appear they are having trouble figuring out exactly how these suspect genes are causing the problems they seem to be causing. Like watching a magic show: you know the magician has something to do with what is happening but you cannot seem to figure out how he is doing it!

They have come up with theories, of course. Some people think ARM2 encodes for a mitochondrial protein. Remember the mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cells. Others believe the ARM2 gene has something to do with our old friendly nemesis, the complement immune system.

While in some cases they believe it makes more sense to believe one mechanism is responsible for several lesion characteristics, in other cases they believe there are separate mechanisms at work. And to make matters even more complex, they are thinking the whole thing may work on the “Goldilocks principle.” In other words, certain genes may not necessarily be bad or good. Like the chairs and the porridge, they may have times they are “just right” and highly beneficial for the cell. Other times? Not so much.

In short? Damned if I know and, more importantly, damned if the researchers know either. However, they are hot on the trail of…something.

Right now at this stage of the game, they are collecting knowledge. It may be quite a while until they connect the dots with all of this stuff, but connect the dots, they will. Then we shall see what the picture is.

So, what did I get out of this article? A lot of questions. Like good investigators, right now the researchers are gathering data. The AREDS2 study has made available to researchers thousands of people with AMD. These people are being poked, prodded and scanned in the name of trying to understand the nature of the beast. No clue what they may find but the hypotheses being generated are intriguing. Which one do you think may prove to be right?

Written September 20th, 2018

Next: coming soon!

Go back to the list of “On Assignment” pages

Sue on Assignment: AREDS2 Study & Geographic Atrophy – Page 1

I am back on “special assignment”. Lin asked me to try to make heads or tails out of a very scientific article entitled “Progression of Geographic Atrophy in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.” It is report number 16 in the AREDS series.

Me thinks she has more confidence in me than I have, but let’s give it a shot. Just remember, social scientist here. My interpretations are always subject to errors.

The article starts with a description of Geographic Atrophy (GA). As many of us know, GA is defined as discrete areas of cell death (atrophy) that eventually grow and come together to form “continents” of damage in the macula. Part of the definition requires the damage to be such that someone examining the eye can see the blood vessels in the next layer (the choroid).

GA usually starts in the macula but generally does not immediately affect the fovea. The fovea is the “prime” area of the macula where the best seeing is actually done. However, as the disease progresses, the fovea is often also involved.

GA involves scotomata, Greek for darkness. Scotomata are those dark islands in our visual fields and result from the death of the cells in those locations.

I am going to skip the methods sections of this article and go right to results….believe me, it is better for everyone that way?.

Okay…because there is no treatment and no cure for GA, science is presently focusing on trying to slow this train down. Worry about actually stopping it once we buy some time. In order to slow it down, we need to know something about it.

The study first calculated how many of their early AMD subjects either went on to develop wet AMD or went on to develop GA. This gave them some idea what the progression of the disease looks like when nothing is done. Basically, they were learning about the natural history of the disease as well as establishing a baseline.

They did make some interesting, incidental discoveries. For example, noncentral lesions grow faster than central ones. Enlargement of lesions occurred more rapidly if the subject had GA in both eyes as opposed to one eye.

Those of us with certain genotypes may be in worse trouble than others. Those who have risk alleles (half a gene pair) on ARMS2, for example, are potentially destined for faster lesion growth. One CFI at-risk allele is another example. Unfortunately, there are several more.

So, on to discussion! What did they actually conclude? Vision loss from GA was steady over the five-year life of the study. Of those in whom there was no central involvement when they were first assessed, 60% developed central involvement within five years. Up to 30% of the eyes with GA developed neovascular AMD within those five years. This was especially true if the companion eye was “wet.” GA lesions may grow more slowly when they are small and when they are large and more rapidly when they are midsized.

There are some genotypes – once again the infamous ARMS2 – that seem to predict both the formation of lesions and their faster growth. If you don’t have those genes, take up smoking. Smoking continues to be found to be a risk factor for both GA presence and growth.

There are three, more pages to go on this thing but I am above my self-imposed word limit here. Also, it is just about nap time. Take this up again tomorrow!

Written September 20th, 2018

Next: Sue on Assignment: AREDS2 Study & Geographic Atrophy – Page 2

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Slogging Through Again

I am waiting for my ride to go hot air ballooning and working on deciphering an article Lin sent me. Once again the question is how much loss can we expect from dry AMD, especially geographic atrophy? Regillo told me 60 degrees of arc loss would be extreme but my local retinologist said some people in their 90s can have GA encompassing the entire retina. Ouch.  [Lin/Linda: Sue wrote about ‘degrees of arc’ in her page Love Wikipedia.]

So, here be me again, slogging through another article I about half understand. Want to slog along? I would appreciate the company!

The article is entitled Clinical Endpoints for the Study of Geographic Atrophy Secondary to Age-Related Macular Degeneration published October, 2016. You there in the home audience feel free to download it and play along!

First of all, I latched on the statement (paraphrasing) “drusen may not result in actual visual acuity loss but the effects of having drusen can be seen in functional deficits very early in the disease process”. What functional deficits?

A 2008 paper by Feng Qiu and Susan Leat found people with very early AMD have loss of “low spatial frequency static contrast sensitivity”. Yippee. Once more down the rabbit hole. It appears – according to the appendix of Emergent Techniques for Assessment of Visual Performance – spatial contrast sensitivity has to do with lighting, the place on the retina where the image is falling and something called field size as well as time factors and the orientation of the image.

Boiled down it has something to do with how sensitive we are to variations in the data our eyes are gathering. I think. Don’t hold me to it. Just know that 20/20 vision with drusen might not be as perfect as we might think.

We talked about reduced dark adaptation before and this is also a problem in early AMD. Apparently there are several effects early drusen have that have nothing to do with acuity.

The next thing I had to look up – in the same paragraph, mind you! – was information that might help me understand a statement suggesting advancement to GA from early AMD may in part depend upon the presence of “reticular pseudodrusen”. So now we have drusen impersonators????

According to Association of Pseudodrusen and Early Onset Drusen by De Bats, Wolff et al (doesn’t that team sound perfect for the Halloween season?) pseudodrusen form on top of the RPEs and not below them as do ‘real’ drusen. There seems to be a connection between having ‘eye poop’ aka drusen on top of the RPEs and early and rapid develop of advanced AMD.

And the above was all in one paragraph! I may be a very long time in deciphering this baby.

So what I have discovered so far is this: visual acuity does not tell the whole story about functional vision loss when it comes to early AMD. If you have drusen be aware your contrast sensitivity and dark adaptation are probably already compromised. Secondly, pseudodrusen, which is eye poop on top of the RPEs, can predict a more rapid and earlier progression to GA.

Have I found a thing about GA outside of the macula? Not yet, but I am still reading! Talk at ya later!

written October 7th, 2o17 Continue reading “Slogging Through Again”

Geez, It’s Dark in Here!

Back again. I don’t want to scrub the floor or score a test, soooo….a page!?

Still checking out short blurbs from Modern Retina. Rosenfeld reported that low-luminance visual acuity deficits are predictive of the rate of geographic atrophy (GA) progression. Low-luminance visual acuity is basically night vision.

Following up on this I discovered that back in 2008 Janet Sunness found GA patients who reported poor night vision were much more likely to go legally blind than their GA peers who could see better at night. These people made up the quarter of their GA patients (visual acuity of 20/50 or better) who became legally blind within four years.

I believe them but still have a couple of questions. Recovery time from being ‘blinded’ by bright light is forever for me. Leave me there and come back in an hour.

Night vision is not bad. I prefer to walk without a flashlight because I see better to navigate. How can that be considering I am one of those who became legally blind?

The study measured night vision by seeing how much could be read in low light conditions. Reading in low light, I am not so good. Maybe that is the difference.

Anyway, if you cannot afford a lot of fancy testing, seeing how much you can read at dusk may give you some idea of how bad things are going to get. Just what we want to know; right? How bad things can really be.

And in other news, inflammation remains a target for the AMD researchers. Lampalizumab, aka ‘lamp stuff’, blocks complementary factor D to help control the alternative complement pathway (that thing again!) and reduce retinal inflammation. ‘Lamp stuff’ is said to work with carriers of the complement factor I at risk allele. Considering​ Regillo wants to start poking needles in my eyes come 2018, I cannot help but wonder if I actually have that gene. I would hate to be poked in the eye every month to no good end.

Maybe I would rather use POT. ?That’s POT 4. POT4, aka APL 2, blocks all three pathways of complement action at the same time. They are looking to develop an intravitreous shot that would be very long-term. None of this four to six weeks business.

And talking about shots, I just lost the article somewhere in this mess (not domestic goddess material; remember?) but I also read a short article taking about a new, medication delivery system they are working on in the UK. This team has been working on developing a little, bitty molecule that can permeate the layers of the eye and deliver medication to the retina through daily eye drops and not monthly shots. Not only will the people getting the shots approve, but the NHS (National Health Service) will approve because it will cut the number of office visits way down. Save money. Ka ching! [Lin/Linda: never fear, I found the article, click here.]

So there you have a review of some of the articles I pulled off of Modern Retina. They have lots in the works. Some of it is promising and some proves not to be, but they are zeroing in on treatments (plural because with a condition caused by multiple genes I believe there will be multiple avenues of attack). We are getting closer to answers. There is hope. Continue reading “Geez, It’s Dark in Here!”

Yesterday’s News

Good morning! Lin just shared a video clip from something that looked like a local TV, health program. The clip was on geographic atrophy. That is GA to those in the know.

I have no problem with information being shared with the public. In fact, I think it is a good thing. The more exposure we get and the more noise we make I am hoping two things will happen. One would be law makers (read the deep pockets of government) will be more aware and sympathetic to our plight. (They might also come to realize it is going to cost BIG bucks to care for us!) The other will be people who have AMD will become more knowledgeable and go for help and support.

There are some drawbacks to these little TV presentations, though. For one, they are a bit behind the curve when it comes to breaking new news. The show talked about a fantastic, recent development that would help people with GA.

Fantastic? OK. Helpful? Yep. Recent? Only if you consider research published in 2013 to be recent.   So shoot me. I am an information snob. That information was just too yesterday’s news for me.

I also think they present half information. If you listen to the clip you will hear the expert talk about a ‘subset’ of patients who cannot be helped with current treatments. Not to put too fine a point on this – and look out because I can feel myself getting ready to rant! – but, honey, the group that can be helped with current treatments is the subset! 15% of AMD patients ‘go wet’. The 85% of us who are left are not the subset! (Told you I was going to rant!)

In the clip there is the implication that replacing RPEs will restore sight. We have talked about this a dozen times before. In GA the photoreceptors are dead. There is no sight without photoreceptors. The RPEs are support cells for the photoreceptors. They do not do any of the ‘seeing’.

But my big complaint about this clip? The expert says your world ‘ends’ when you develop GA!!! (Now I am really revving up. Head for the storm cellar!)

With every significant loss, there is a time of dismay and distress. That does not mean the end of your world! Everyone of us here is made of tougher stuff than you could ever have believed. Maybe you have never been tested before, but the steel is there.

Today I taught my class. I attended a staff meeting and saw two clients. Then I came home, walked the dog and made a meal. I am now writing this page. After that I have a psych report to write. Then maybe some down time ‘reading’ a BARD book.

Tomorrow I work, walk with a friend and go to my yoga class. I am making plans to go into New York City with a co-worker next month. The list goes on.

In short, if my world ended a year and a half ago, nobody bothered to tell me about it! I am still going pretty much full tilt!

So, bottom line? I guess it would be listen to the stuff in the media but remember it might not be accurate or current. Once again, caveat emptor. Best sources still remain published research. If you cannot read it or cannot understand it, ask Lin or me to look at it and we can tell you we don’t understand it either!

And about that end of the world business? Don’t believe everything you hear! GA is not a walk in the park. However, if you want to, you can still do that and dozens of other things as well.

Continue reading “Yesterday’s News”

Shimmering

Albert Einstein once said “the more I learn, the more I realize what I don’t know.” Apparently I am in good company, because I feel the same way.

With no immediate crises in my life and no immediate reason to freak out – and even with geographic atrophy and permanent retina damage, this state of affairs is possible! – I have been trying to get caught up with some research. I keep running into things I have no knowledge or understanding of.

Lin suggested that after over a year we should know SOMETHING about these things. We don’t. For example, I am still clueless about what I can expect concerning the progression of density of my ‘blind spots’.

And speaking of disease progression, (was that a smooth segue or was that a smooth segue??), I do have a couple of things to say about disease progression from that last article I read. Remember the one on GA?

The article opined all the new interest and hoopla about dry AMD came from the success with treating wet. However it wasn’t why I would think. You know, we have scaled that mountain and are looking for new summits sort of thing? Nope, the reason was they discovered that even after severely limiting the development of neovascularization in eyes, the eyes just kept right on progressing with dry AMD! Sorry, darlings.? It seems a former wet AMD eye becomes a dry AMD eye.

And dry AMD – to my great chagrin – progresses. How much? I assume it can take the entire macula but I have not seen that definitely stated anywhere. I have seen it stated that it generally stops with the macula. Maybe not such a ‘small’ favor. Could be a lot worse.

The last thing I learned from that article is how best to document disease progression. That is with something called cSLO FAF. Isn’t that informative? Exciting even!

OK, OK, just ‘funning’ with you. I looked it up. Fundus autofluorescence is diagnostic imagery. It detects fluorophores in the retina. Fluorophores being chemicals that re-emit lights shone at them. Research quoted by Wu in Use of Fundus Autofluorescence in AMD said risk of wet AMD can be predicted by a patchy reflection pattern and lots of ‘shimmer’ (my word) at the edge of a patch of geographic atrophy is predictive of cell death and growth of the GA. The more ‘shimmer’ the worse the trouble you are in. [Lin/Linda: We hadn’t had a music reference for some time.  When I hear the word ‘shimmer’, I think of John Lennon’s song “Julia” which uses the word ‘shimmering’, hence this page’s title. ::smile::]

So if anyone throws a bunch of letters ending with FAF at you and says you are going to have that, it may be they are checking for disease progression. I cannot remember ever having one, but it is noninvasive so no biggie. Should not hurt. Just more pretty pictures. Hopefully they will find something good.

Pretty much it for now. Will probably write some more nonsense between now and then, but Wednesday I am going to another support group meeting. They are demonstrating an electronic monocular called a Mojo and I want to see it. Will let you know!

Chat with you later!

 

written May 6th, 2o17 Continue reading “Shimmering”

Always Learning More

Hey, there! I think I have found a good article on macular degeneration, our favorite but somewhat distasteful topic. The article is in Webvision and is entitled Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Another catchy title. The main author is Hageman.

Did you know the name up until around 1990 was ‘senile macular degeneration’? Makes it sound like our eyes have lost some of their mental faculties. Glad that was changed!

Also discovered the fovea is the center of the macula. It contains the highest concentration of cone photoreceptors and is the only region of the retina that can attain 20/20 vision.

I think when my optometrist said I had such an abrupt vision loss because the deterioration had reached the center of my macula she was talking about the loss of my fovea. That means 20/20 vision is no longer possible for me. Even if I use prisms or eventually get that eye max mono thingee, things will not be ‘perfect’. [Lin/Linda: she means the EyeMax Mono lens implant.]

This article says macular vision is 10% of vision! Estimates of degrees of arc of potential loss seem to be getting better, but don’t get too excited. Remember we are talking my interpretation of things I read. It is guess-work. I know nothing.

Although I used to think hard drusen sound more ominous than soft ones, it is actually the other way around. Hard drusen are smaller and soft ones are larger. If they are looking in your eyes and mention soft drusen, you have more of a problem than if they see hard drusen.

I thought that all dry AMD would progress to GA (geographic atrophy) if the person lived that long. This article says only 10 to 15% of dry AMD patients progress rapidly enough to ‘achieve’ GA. Interesting.

That means my visual state is something many of you will not have to experience. That is a good thing! And FYI? I am functional so you can remain functional as well.

For you ‘wet’ folks, the article once again cautions you to stay on top of things and get your shots. Left to its own devices wet AMD progresses to a cicatrical stage. Cicatrix is a fancy word related to scars and scarring. Disciform scars occur when fibrous tissues develop in Bruch’s membrane between the RPEs and the retina. Scarring is, needless to say, not good and can result in severe vision loss. Bottom line for this paragraph is: do not allow bleeds to happen to you!

Closing in on my 500 words and I still have pages to read in this article. I think I will close this page, read some more and start another.

And FYI, I emailed by doctor. And – while he also believes the increased density/opacity of my blind spot is related to expected disease progression – I am going in for a vision screen in two days. Perceivable changes in your vision? I expect you to call, too. Check it out.

written April 25th, 2017

Continue reading “Always Learning More”

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